Catchment maps: how they really work — and when not to trust one
Official boundaries, statistical estimates and radius circles can disagree by whole streets. How online catchment maps are actually made, and what the last distance offered tells you about real places.
Key facts
- There are three fundamentally different kinds of "catchment map" online: official council-published boundaries, statistical estimates modelled from past allocations, and simple radius circles — and they can disagree by whole streets.
- Many English councils publish no downloadable catchment boundary: School Atlas holds official catchment maps for thousands of schools, and links to councils' admissions pages, including postcode checkers where they exist, for thousands more.
- For oversubscribed distance-based schools, the decisive number is the last distance offered — the home-to-school distance of the final offer. School Atlas holds last-distance-offered figures for thousands of schools in England, mostly from councils' published allocation data.
- An estimated heatmap can suggest an address is "in catchment" when the actual cut-off in the most recent round fell hundreds of metres short of it — and vice versa.
- The safest research pattern: official boundary (where one exists) + the council's own checker + the last-distance-offered trend. Never rely on a modelled map alone.
Type “school catchment checker” into a search engine and you will find several tools happy to draw a confident line around your address. What those tools rarely explain is where the line comes from — and the answer varies so much that two popular websites can give a family opposite answers about the same house and the same school. This guide explains the three methodologies behind online catchment maps, what each one can and cannot tell you, and how to research an address the way an admissions officer would.
The three kinds of catchment map
What is actually behind an online catchment map
| How it is made | What it is good for | Where it misleads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Official council boundary | Published by the council or school as the formal priority area in the admission arrangements | The definitive answer to "am I inside the priority area?" | Being inside is priority, not a guarantee — oversubscribed schools still refuse in-area children |
| Statistical estimate / heatmap | Modelled from where past offers appear to have gone | A rough sense of a school's typical reach | It is an inference, not a rule — it can shade streets "in" that missed out in the real round, and it goes stale as demand shifts |
| Radius circle | A fixed distance drawn around the school gate | Almost nothing — admissions do not work in circles | Straight-line vs walking-route rules, priority bands and annual demand all ignored |
How it is made
- Official council boundary
- Published by the council or school as the formal priority area in the admission arrangements
- Statistical estimate / heatmap
- Modelled from where past offers appear to have gone
- Radius circle
- A fixed distance drawn around the school gate
What it is good for
- Official council boundary
- The definitive answer to "am I inside the priority area?"
- Statistical estimate / heatmap
- A rough sense of a school's typical reach
- Radius circle
- Almost nothing — admissions do not work in circles
Where it misleads
- Official council boundary
- Being inside is priority, not a guarantee — oversubscribed schools still refuse in-area children
- Statistical estimate / heatmap
- It is an inference, not a rule — it can shade streets "in" that missed out in the real round, and it goes stale as demand shifts
- Radius circle
- Straight-line vs walking-route rules, priority bands and annual demand all ignored
Many councils publish no boundary at all because their schools admit on distance rank, not a defined area — for those schools there is no true "catchment line" to draw.
Why the last distance offered beats any map
For a distance-tiebreak school, the only number that decided real places is the last distance offered: how far from the school the final successful applicant lived. It moves every year with sibling counts and local demand, which is exactly why it is more honest than a static line. School Atlas holds last-distance-offered figures for Reception and Year 7 at thousands of schools in England, including figures for the September 2026 round as councils publish them. Most come from councils' allocation publications or FOI responses; some were extracted by AI from council documents, and a few have no recorded source. Where a school's cut-off has moved over several years, the trend tells you whether your distance is comfortable, marginal or unrealistic.
What we publish — and what we refuse to
School Atlas shows a catchment boundary only when a council has published one — we hold official catchment maps for thousands of schools, each named with the council that published it. Where a council publishes no map, we link its admissions pages, including its postcode checker where it has one, for thousands more schools, rather than inventing a line the council never drew. We do not display estimated boundaries, because a wrong “you're in” is more damaging than an honest “the council publishes no map — here is the real cut-off data instead”.
How to research an address properly
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