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One in five children experiences bullying. This guide covers what bullying looks like, your legal rights, how to report it effectively, when to escalate, and where to get help.
Key facts
1 in 5
UK children bullied in any given year
70%
Young people who've experienced cyberbullying
83%
Of bullied children say it affects mental health
2016
NI passed the UK's strongest anti-bullying law
Need help now?
Childline: 0800 1111 (free, 24/7, for children and young people) • NSPCC: 0808 800 5000 (for adults worried about a child) • Police: 999 (emergency) or 101 (non-emergency) if the bullying involves criminal behaviour.
Bullying takes many forms. Recognising the signs is the first step.
Every school must have an anti-bullying policy. But the legal duties differ by nation.
A step-by-step escalation path — from first conversation to formal complaint.
1. Listen and stay calm
Let your child tell their story without interrupting. Don't minimise ("just ignore them") or overreact. Validate their feelings. Ask open questions: "What happened?", "How did that make you feel?", "Has this happened before?"
2. Record everything
Keep a dated log of incidents: what happened, when, who was involved, any witnesses. Save screenshots of cyberbullying. This evidence is essential if you need to escalate.
3. Contact the school
Start with the class teacher or form tutor. Be specific about incidents and dates. Ask what the school's anti-bullying policy says and what action will be taken. Request a follow-up meeting.
4. Put it in writing
After your meeting, send an email summarising what was discussed and agreed. This creates a paper trail. Ask for written confirmation of the actions the school will take and timelines.
5. Escalate within the school
If the class teacher hasn't resolved it: go to the head of year, then the deputy head, then the headteacher. At each stage, reference your log and previous communications.
6. Contact the governors
If the headteacher hasn't resolved it, write to the Chair of Governors. They have oversight of the school's behaviour policy. State clearly what has happened, what you've done, and what you want.
7. Formal complaint
Every school must have a complaints procedure. Follow it formally — this usually means writing to the headteacher (stage 1), then governors (stage 2). For academies, the trust has a complaints process. For maintained schools, the LA may get involved.
8. External escalation
If the school hasn't resolved it: Ofsted (England — concerns about safeguarding), Estyn (Wales), Education Scotland, ETI (NI). For discrimination, contact the Equality Advisory Support Service. In extreme cases, consider legal advice.
Free help for children, parents, and schools.
Sources
This guide draws on DfE "Preventing and tackling bullying" guidance (2017), Addressing Bullying in Schools Act (NI) 2016, Scottish Government "Respect for All" (2017), Welsh Government "Rights, respect, equality" (2019), Anti-Bullying Alliance research, Ditch the Label Annual Bullying Survey, and Childline data. This guide is for general information only and does not constitute legal advice. For complex cases, consider seeking advice from IPSEA, Coram Children’s Legal Centre, your local SENDIASS, or a solicitor. Last reviewed April 2026.
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